What to Expect From Essay Writing Written Samples?

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Essay on Thomas Hobbes and The Human Nature - 685 Words

Thomas Hobbes was a 17th century British philosopher and political theorist in early modern times, known for his political thoughts. Witnessing the horrors of the English Civil War that took place from 1642–1651, Hobbes was convinced that an absolute monarchy was the only form of government that could protect individuals and their interests while providing a secure environment that allowed for practice of those interests. Hobbes writes about the idea of absolutism, or absolute monarchy- a form of government in which all power is to be invested in a single ruler’s hands- in his most renowned work, Leviathan, published in 1651. Hobbes argues that without absolutism, no man can live with a sense of security because all acts of human nature†¦show more content†¦There is violence in every corner. People ultimately become each other’s enemies. They fight, kill and destroy for each other’s property, for their own safety, and for the thought of being und ervalued by another individual. Hobbes argues that because man is driven purely by his own nature and this condition of Warre is evident in a nation with no ultimate ruler, â€Å"everyone is governed by his own Reason†¦every man has a Right to every thing; even to one another’s body† (Hobbes, 21). When this occurs, there are no laws that say that something is unjust. There is no safety to allow for people to live a relaxed life. Hobbes says, â€Å"as long as this natural Right of every man to every thing endureth, there can be no security to any man† (Hobbes, 21). People have to continually watch their own back and live in constant fear that at any given moment, they can be attacked for any given reason. For it is simply the Right of human nature. Hobbes’ solution for this unsafe environment created by the Right of human nature is an absolute monarchy. He proposes that â€Å"the only way to defend them from the invasion of {foreigners} and the injur ies of one another†¦ is, to conferre all their power and strength upon one Man† (Hobbes, 22). Hobbes believes that the only way to keep everyone safe and in order is to have the people combine all their voices, giving up their own power of governingShow MoreRelatedTheories Of Human Nature By Karl Marx And Thomas Hobbes Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesIn both theories of human nature by Karl Marx and Thomas Hobbes respectfully, each provide their own perspective on the fundamental point of human nature. Marx makes the argument that that humans are inherently cooperative and the capitalist system creates a state of nature where humans are competitive. In opposition to Marx’ argument, Hobbes may say that humans are inherently competitive and the social contract is what makes humans cooperate within the capitalist system. In response, Marx mightRead MoreHuman Nature, By Jean Jacques Rousseau And Thomas Hobbes1711 Words   |  7 Pagesnotion of human nature has always been historically debated. Explores, philosophers, and writers have always come to argue on what is considered to be barbarism, savagery, and civilized. These constructed categories have put a label on people who do not share the same ideas as one another. These different views of human nature have come to propel change and have come to revolutionized human history. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Michel de Montaigne, and Thomas Hobbes all differ on their ideas of human natureRead MoreThe Human Nature Of The Prince, Thomas Hobbes And James Madison1447 Words   |  6 Pagesancestors. Furthermore, human qualities such as strong emotions come from what we think is important to us. Actions, whether they are good or bad, also derive from our most inner thoughts. The question now is what type of reasoning is natural to us all? This human nature is a topic explored by thinkers such as Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan, Niccollà ² Machiavelli in The Prince, Thomas Hobbes and James Madison in The Essenti al Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers. Human nature is the force that pushesRead MoreHuman Nature And Thomas Hobbes And William Golding And Plato1881 Words   |  8 PagesHumans are some of the most diverse types of organisms. They have so many different characteristics and all humankind cannot be described with one adjective. Every human has their own personality. Taking all of these personalities into account brings to the foreground the idea of human nature. Human nature does not explicitly describe how every human being acts. Instead, human nature gives a general idea of how the majority of people will act. To sum it up, human nature is â€Å"the ways of thinking,Read MoreComparison of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke: Human Nature Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesthe bloodshed of the English Civil War, Thomas Hobbes realizes the chaotic state of humanity, which gravitates towards the greatest evil. Hobbes’ underlying premises of human nature–equality, egotism, and competition–result in a universal war among men in their natural state. In order to escape anarchy, Hobbes employs an absolute sovereignty. The people willingly enter a social contract with one another, relinquishing their rights to the sovereign. For Hobbes, only the omnipotent sovereign or â€Å"Leviathan†Read MoreThomas Hobbes: Nature and Origins of Human Thought, Emotion, and Society2678 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction: The philosophies of Thomas Hobbes are inarguably essential foundations in materialistic thought. Idealists during his time believed that there reality is made up of concepts and nonmatter. In response to the challenge of explaining concepts that seemed only explicable through idealist thinking (such as thoughts and emotions), Hobbes used logic and reasoning to develop materialist theories – some impressively similar in nature to neurobiology. His pessimistic views of society are drawnRead MoreThomas Hobbes s Views On Human Nature And His Ideal Government1540 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Hobbes describes his views on human nature and his ideal government in Leviathan. He believes human nature is antagonistic, and condemns man to a life of violence and misery without strong government. In contrast to animals, who are able to live together in a society without a coercive power, Hobbes believes that men are unable to coexist peacefully without a greater authority because they are confrontational by nature. â€Å"In the nature of man†, Hobbes says â€Å"there are three principal causesRead More Human Nature as Viewed by Thomas Hobbes and David Hume Essay example1948 Words   |  8 PagesHuman Nature as Viewed by Thomas Hobbes and David Hume Thomas Hobbes in Chapter 13 of Leviathan, and David Hume in Section 3 of An Enquiry Concerning the Princples of Morals, give views of human nature. Hobbes’ view captures survivalism as significant in our nature but cannot account for altruism. We cover Hobbes’ theory with a theory of Varied Levels of Survivalism, explaining a larger body of behavior with the foundation Hobbes gives. Hume gives a scenario which does not directly proveRead MoreThe Nature Of Human Beings By Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince, And Thomas Hobbes Leviathan1450 Words   |  6 PagesReason has been argued to be the essence of humans; however, humans are not the only rational beings to inhabit Earth. The nature of human beings tales far beyond rationality to characteristics such as emotion or pity. For example, if a man bears witness to a bull ferociously attacking another man, feelings of empathy, sympathy, and even pity quickly fill his mind. Thus, emphasizing that reason is not the sole e ssence of human beings. Humans are animals, and yes, they are rational beings. HoweverRead MoreThomas Hobbes Philosophical Political Piece1317 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbe s philosophical political piece The Leviathan argues that society functions most effectively if all state and commonwealth is delegated by an all powerful sovereign, and that without it we are in a state of chaos, otherwise titled by Hobbes as the state of nature (Thomas Hobbes, 2002, p. 181). I will argue that it is not possible to acknowledge what life is like in the state of nature without fully acknowledging that life in the state of nature leads to an all-powerful sovereign

Bilateral Relationship of Australia

Question: Write an essay onbilateral Relationship of Australia and the United States in the post-Cold War. Answer: The Australia-United States bilateral relationship originates from the early days of the Cold War and has, over the past ten years, evolved significantly in terms of trade and security (Jennings, 2013). Evident in the negotiations that have occurred towards a bilateral trade agreement and the participation in the conflicts with Iraq in the recent past- the relationship between Australia and the USA has become noticeably in the post-Cold War world. This joint relationship of the USA and Australia was conceptualized at the legislative level with the ANZUS treaty in 1951 (Kentor, 2015).There are many previous research works have been discussed and unfolds different perspective of the two nations bilateral relationship. Both the nations have integrally negotiated in order to maintain the nations security and international trade activities. Debates over rights and wrongs are now embedded both in the domestic deliberations and in the international arena. This research will evaluate both th e components of security and international trade and try to understand which one are the most important aspects of this bilateral relationship of Australia-America. In this assignment, the researcher is going to discuss the impacts of the bilateral stability between two countries. While the relationship has historically enjoyed strong bilateral endorsement, the research will try to investigate its implication in both the countries regarding national securities and the overseas trade in the recent times. Research Question and Method: By the adopting the theoretical concepts, the researcher will attempt a methodology by forming research questions. To evaluate the impacts of the bilateral relationship between Australia and the USA, the study needs to address the following central questions: Which are the areas of joint relationships influenced by the negotiation between the United States and Australia? Which transformation is the most significant in relation of the bilateral relationship between America and Australia- Trade or Security? How international trade and security does get influenced by the bilateral relationship between America-Australia? The researcher will collect the data using two processes: primary data collection and data collection through secondary research. The collection of primary data is a method of collection process where respondents collective opinion will be gathered though surveys, feedbacks and questionnaires. In the secondary data collection process, the researcher will get information from the available books, political journals, case studies, and other revisionist studies regarding the Australian-American alliance. However, the suitable method for data collection for this research would be primary research because the researcher will easily get information which will exploit the various opinions of the previous researchers, economist and political leaders. The further information will be collected from several books and journal. The strategy of research is the factor that is beneficial for research to gather information by practicing different strategies such as case study. For the doing the secon dary data collection, the researcher have allocated various materials from the websites. Several authentic previous research or thesis papers relating to the research topic shall betaken into consideration for gather different shades of opinion which will help to develop the conceptual framework of this research topic. Theoretical framework This essay uses liberalism as a theoretical lens for examining the bilateral relationship between Australia and the United States. According to Goh (2015), liberalism was developed in the 1970s when some scholars grew in opposition to the then dominant realist theory of international relationship. Therefore, this new theory of the foreign relationship became popular to increase the globalization, rapid rise in the communication of technologies and increasing the trade culture. A few scholars stated this Liberalization Theory as the Theory of Complex Interdependence (Beeson and Higgott, 2014). According to this theory, although the world is the risky place to survive but the use of military power sometimes outweigh the benefits. In these cases, the foreign cooperation became the main interest for every country. As opined by Kim (2015), the power of the military needs to be considered as the as the form of power. However, the social and economic powers also need to be considered. Conse quently, as the United States and Australia have a multifaceted relationship which covers many areas, including trade and security, liberalism as opposed to realism is a relevant theoretical approach. Here the researcher will follow an authentic and valid data collection procedure under the liberalism research philosophy. This research philosophy mainly concentrates in the liberal observations that exist in the previous historian articles, views, case studies. By the liberalism theoretical approach, the research shall identify progressive change of international relation between America and Australia post the cold global war. Literature Review The Australian- American relationship has played a pivotal role in the modern history. The issue has created lot of attention after the Pearl Harbor incident in the year 1941. The post war effect of the Pearl Harbor war has led to the alliance of the Australia and United States in forming of a joint military alliance. The advent of the joint alliance had created a permanent post-war security alliance between the two nations (Green and Cooper 2014). The ANZUS agreement was formed as a result of Pearl Harbor incident led an agreement setup in a very different situation of international circumstance from the prevailing wars against the Fascism in Europe and Asia. U.S. realized its policies of post war from the Europe and Asia- Pacific somewhat reluctantly agree to the tripartite with Australia and New Zealand only when faced the effect of communism in countries from South East Asia and East Asia. (Hendriks, 2015). Analyzing the bilateral relationship of Australia with the United States over the past 10 years In this section, the researcher is going to highlight the trade and security relationship between Australia and America. Both the facets of the relationship have gradually transformed and strengthened in last ten years. The researcher will indicate how the strategic position of Australia has moved from peripheral as it was during the phase of post-Cold War, to the central after the worlds geographical importance shifts to the Indo-Pacific region and Asia. Trade Relations Since the post-ColdWar, the economic relationship between Australia and America has seen many ups and downs. A strong trading support has been provided by the foreign trade department of America. The United States is one of the broadest two-way investment partners whose two-way investment reached at $1.3 trillion in December 2014. During that year, both the nations have engaged in the trade activities for almost $60.4 billion (Green Cooper, 2014). Since the AUSFTA entered into the force on 1st January 2005, more than ninety seven percent of non-agricultural exports of Australia to the United States have made duty-free and two-thirds of tariff over agriculture was waived off. Now the companies of Australia have the access to enter into the federal procurement market of America. Furthermore, AUSTFA offers benefit in different sector. For instance, intellectual properties are now well protected. All the foreign trade agreements are facilitated better access. Now the firms of the United States are allowed to participate for the government of Australia on the basis of nondiscriminatory. By the effect of the agreement this growth has ensured the importance of the Australias export market in Americas manufacturing sectors such as autos, aircrafts, and computers, products of the electronics, machinery, paper products, wood and chemicals. After from the benefits of Australia by the effects of this free trade Agreement, the exports of U.S are also benefitted. The FTA allows the U.S suppliers to make their products more competitive in the market of Australia due to the fact of the reduction of duty. By qualifying goods under the agreement, the US exporter can easily generate a considerable savings (Johnson, Thomas, Catherine, 2014). However, the fact of qualifying goods under this agreement is indeed a complex affair because all export goods must qualify its origination. In other terms, such products should have sufficient content of both the nations to fulfill the crit eria of the nation. To obtain a certificate of origin, those importers are claiming preferences must require to prepare to submit the pertinent costs and information of the manufacture. This means that both the nations have been maintaining a transparent financial and economical international relationship. The international relation of Australia is influenced by its position in the global foreign trade and the nation is being considered as an important donor of the humanitarian aid. Such international policy of Australia is leaded by a commitment to regionalism and multilateralism and most importantly strong bilateral relations with its allies (Goh, 2013). The most important aspects of their relation are the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement. Australia, a conventionally staunch ally of US, has gradually strengthened their long standing alliance with the United States of America (Baylis, Smith Owens 2013). In 2011, then-Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton firmly said that ties between two nations are as close as any in the world. To oppose her statement, then Foreign Minister Rudd stated No one can overestimate the importance of the sharing of common values in the international business relation. Now, Australias strategic position has been changed and recently many economist s and historians feel that both the nation maintains a strong economic relationship after the treaty of free trade. Both the nations share strategic interest in the region of Indo-Pacific and internationally both the nation has worked closely together for promoting their goals and objectives. It is indeed a positive fact that this bilateral relationship provides population support in Australia in the area of defense cooperation with the United Nations. By the strong impact of bilateral relationship of the companies, the bilateral services and goods trade has increased since the FTA entry into the force in 2015. For instance, investors of the USA significantly invest in Australia nearly about $756.2 billion which is 27.2 percent of the net foreign investment stock of Australia. On the other hand, the United Nation has become the Australias largest destination of the international investment. There are many remarkable reformations takes place since the last ten years in Australia. Sin ce long, both the nations has been sanctioned an agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income The most recent reformation in case of shifting the tax regime to consumption based system by the form of GST is also included as a new addition. In case of export to the United States, the government of Australia are also lowered their corporation tax and other tariff for encouraging more international transactions. Australias limited restrictions on investment and trade have ensured more economic success of Australia. On the other hand, the government of Canberraa coalition of National and Liberal parties, proposed a bilateral trade agreement with the United States (Johnson et al. 2014). The issue regarding the open trade with the United State has clear bipartisan support in Australia in the later stage of the agreement. However, Australia imposes barrier on certain agricultural products due to legitimate environmental concerns (Dittmer He 2014). Besides establishing a strong relationship between both the nations, there are situations where foreign investment in some sectors are restricted which are significant for the national security. On the other hand, various negotiators on the trade agreement between Australia and the United Nation have successfully tackled issues regarding the unfair trade practices by the mutual satisfaction within the bilateral agreement. For instance, the two nations have successfully addressed anti-dumping measures. However, ant-dumping has been considered most disreputable intellectual but admired trade measures politically in the USA. On the contrary, these trade practice of America, has considered objectionable by other countries. Security Relation The ANZUS alliance of course is the backbone of the America-Australia strategic relationship. Despite the fact that New Zealand was vanished from the alliance because the nation was not allowed themselves to the use of nuclear-armed vehicles to its ports, still is in the integral part of the political landscape of Australia. Australia fought beside the United States in every war during the previous century, inclusive of less popular conflicts such as Vietnam when many of its people objected to its involvement. Over the last years, there has been significant increase in defense funding which would address critical deficiencies in the military establishment in Australia. By this treaty, Australia continuously occupies a central place in the minds of most of the policy makers. This treaty was included in the legislation of the Australia because it ensured to accomplish the common danger in accordance with its constitutional process. (Yan Qi, 2012) Since the role of the American allianc e is the pivotal factor in the infrastructural development of the economy, many researchers still form the compromised views regarding the bilateral relationship between two nations. Recently, Michel Fullilove one of the famous strategic thinkers, argued that the alliance deserves the support of progressives who value international institutions, human rights and policy makers. By this consensus view, Australia will be protected from the threats of strategies, free use of the interactions with military US forces and this acknowledge its high contribution to international security. In 2014, Former Prime Minister Tony Abbott met with President Barrack Obama in Washington. US-Australia Force Posture Agreement was announced a bilateral agreement for making the alliance stronger. This has been considered as an effort of making countries more valuable for encourage acts as a liberal democracy and human rights. According to Dittmer He (2014), this is an effort of sustainable bilateral rela tionship where both the countries are following the norms and international laws. On the other hand, this agreement issued which is also pointed out the importance of cyber defense. Furthermore, these negotiations ensured positive response regarding cyber security incident. This has been anticipated by many economists that these may help in increasing shared capabilities of the allied assets. In short, this agreement has expanded its contribution on apoplectic bullet defense in the region of Asia Pacific. Australia continuously stresses on its alliance with the United Nation makes it a precious partner in the economic development front of the nation (Thomas, 2015). However, many researchers stated that Australias political leadership does not see Australias economic relationship with China, which has been the largest trading partner of Australia since 2009, whereas the relationship with the USA is less capable. However, the strategic efforts are still provided by the government of U SA to Australia to develop the foreign policies make stinger the defense sector of the nation. At the key of the ANZUS alliance is the Australia-United States Ministerial (AUSMIN) process. In 2015, the Secretary of Defense met with the Australias Foreign Affairs Minister to take an initiative towards making this strategic alliance of both the countries stronger and impactful. A joint statement released in that occasion includes new initiatives, several numbers of principles, and fulfillments in the areas of Military Corporation, counter-terrorism, stability towards the regional level, economic integration and change of climate (Yan Qi 2012). During the Global Coalition in Iraq and Afghanistan, both the nation reconfirmed the string state of bilateral defense and Security Corporation. According to Beeson Lee (2015), both the nations have taken forward their alliance for economic and political developments which maximizes the human benefits and ensure social sustainability. After en suring the strong relationship, Australia and the United States stressed on their commitment by expanding trilateral corporation with Japan and compositely perceived the economic and strategic importance of India. In other words, both the nation welcomed the exclusion of the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement and take initiatives towards the ambitious climate agreement (Park, 2013). This is a significant sustainable approach for the preserve of the natural resources of both the countries. The liberalization and the opening up free Australian economy has been core factor for the nations economic prosperity and the global competitiveness. Since the post cold global war, the economic condition was gradually improving after the establishment of the bilateral relationship between Australia and America. Many free trade policies make this relationship gradually stable and effective as well. For instance, AUSFTA incorporated more severe protections for IP right holders, more specifically, the pharmaceutical companies of USA and copyright holders. On the other hand, US markets for agricultural producers of Australia like dairy, beef were moderately liberalized whereas sugar is not liberalized at all (Rozman 2014). All these efforts were initialized to ensure the domestic agricultural stability for Australia. However, the most studies estimated that AUSFTA would have a little impact on the economy of Australia. Furthermore, the impacts and significance of AUSFTA is still a debatable factor in Australia (Lester et al. 2015).The nation is currently enjoying the foreign trade operations. The country is also joined in the global trend and started to sign various trade agreements at their preferential choices that liberalized investment and trade of the Australia. On the issue of ballistic missile defense, the USA considered Australia as the most supportive ally. In the latest trade journal Defense Article of the USA, the Australian Minister for Defense said in relation to the Americas plan to move forward on bullet defense, We (Australian) understand that the US government will take whatever steps it thinks is in its national interest in defending its territory. This indicates that the mutual trust in security relationship is more strengthen area of the bilateral relationship of both the nations. In the Australian budget of 2014-15, the government of Australia reaffirmed its commitment to increase defense spending to two percent of GDP within a decade. This resource had accumulated a$29.2 billion in 2014-15 for the facet of defense (Goldgeier 2014). Other Commitments between Australia and the United States The bilateral agreement not only enhanced the security issues with military but it also helped in shaping of the intersecting cultures, technologies and ideas (Kelly, 2014). The Australia history focuses on major issues related to the political strategic relationship and also shares the American hegemony. It acts as a base for the study of the cultural and social interactions mainly centered on the debates of the modernization and globalization. The search for military alliance of Australia and United States has been long traced back from the time when Alfred Deakin follow up with his Great White Fleets tour in the year 1908 with occasional attempts made by the successive prime ministers that followed. According to the researcher the main concern was related to the management of the Holt Government in managing of the alliance with US (Goldgeier, 2014). The study is based on the various revisionist histories relating to the involvement of Australia with America in the cold war period . Evaluation of trade and security relations between Australia and America: Discussing about the strategic relationship between both the countries, this can be evaluated that this bilateral relationship makes security alliance stronger. In case of trade assurance, many agricultural products are not included or else not protected by the two nations relationship. However, many researchers consider that security alliance is one of the fundamental strength of Australia. By the huge volume of defense funding the nation has ensured the cyber security, intellectual property preservation and more strengthen of national military. Furthermore, this was clarified that the government of Australia would produce new defense white paper that would provide guidance the defense capability of the nation for the upcoming period (Goldgeier, 2014). This new proposition establishes an alignment defense policy with the strategy of military which expected to deliver an affordable defense force structure of Australia, Conclusion The researcher have clearly discussed the bilateral relationship both the countries in post-cold war. This has been evaluated that both Australia and America has been strategically developed a strong alignment with each other in the global economic field. By getting tremendous support from the United Nation, Australia has strengthened their defense policies. The nation maintains a stable relationship with other conventional security relationships such as with New Zealand and other nations of FPDA. On the other side, the foreign trade policies have made the nation economically and financially stable because the nation has experienced a lot of foreign trade investments. Though the bilateral trade has expanded significantly but many issues regarding the tax reformation, agricultural barriers and other issues makes important compare to the bilateral defense relation of both the nation. Here the defense relationship can be considered more significant which has strengthened the political a nd economic conditions of Australia more secure and stable. On the issue of the Ballistic missile defense, Australia is perhaps the United States most supportive ally. For the relationship to remain vibrant into the future, both the nation is looking for regular economic consultations and political negotiations. Now the economy of Australia may be in much better shape compare to other developed Asian countries, however, there has not stopped Ministers of Australia from pointing to the fiscal difficulties of America as an excuse of their own new defense miserliness. References: Baylis, J., Smith, S. Owens, P., 2013,The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press. Beeson, M. Lee, W., 2015, The Middle Power Moment: A New Basis for Cooperation between Indonesia and Australia?.InIndonesias Ascent (pp. 224-243). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Christiansen, T., Kirchner, E. Murray, P.B., 2013,The Palgrave Handbook of EU-Asia Relations. Palgrave Macmillan. Dittmer, L. He, B., 2014. Introduction: Australias Strategic Dilemma. Asian Survey, 54(2), pp.215-222. Douglas, E. Stone, D., 2015.The informal diplomacy of the Australian American leadership dialogue.Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(1), pp.18-34. Goh, E., 2013. The Struggle for Order: Hegemony, Hierarchy, and Transition in Post-Cold War East Asia. OUP Oxford. Goldgeier, J., 2014. American Allies in Times of War: The Great Asymmetry. ByHlatkyStfanie von. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.208 p. $85.00. Perspectives on Politics, 12(03), pp.759-760. Green, M.J. Cooper, Z., 2014.Revitalizing the rebalance: How to keep US focus on Asia.The Washington Quarterly, 37(3), pp.25-46. Hendriks, J.T., 2015. Rebalancing great power politics: a new cold war between the US and China. Jennings, P., 2013. The US Rebalance to the Asia-Pacific: An Australian Perspective. Asia Policy, 15(1), pp.38-44. Johnson, O. Thomas, Catherine H. Gibson., 2014, The Objections of Developed and Developing States to Investor-State Dispute Settlement, and What They Are Doing about Them." InContemporary Issues in International Arbitration and Mediation: The Fordham Papers (2013), pp. 251-269. Brill, 2014. Kelly, A., 2014. Looking Back on Look East: India's Post-Cold War Shift Toward Asia. Seton Hall J. Dipl. Int'l Rel., 15, p.81. King, M., 2014. Australia-United States free trade agreement: Recent decisions highlight limitations for US investors.Australian Resources and Energy Law Journal,33(2), p.151. Kentor, J., 2015. The growth of transnational corporate networks: 1962-1998. Journal of World-Systems Research, 11(2), pp.263-286. Lester, S., Mercurio, B. Bartels, L. eds., 2015.Bilateral and regional trade agreements: Commentary and analysis (Vol. 1). Cambridge University Press. Lewis, W.A., 2015. The evolution of the international economic order.Princeton University Press. Park, J.J., 2013. The persistence of the US-led alliances in the Asia-Pacific: an order insurance explanation. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 13(3), pp.337-368. Rozman, G., 2014. The Sino-US National Identity Gap, Australia, and the Formation of an Asia-Pacific Community.Asian Survey, 54(2), pp.343-366. Sutter, R.G., 2012. Chinese foreign relations: Power and policy since the Cold War. Rowman Littlefield Publishers. Thomas, N., 2015. The Economics of Power Transitions: Australia between China and the United States. Journal of Contemporary China, 24(95), pp.846-864. 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Nationalism Can Never Be A Force For Good. Discuss. free essay sample

Nationalism can be a force for good, but, depending on how leaders chose to use it can often create hatred and prejudices giving nationalism negative associations. For example Nationalism is often associated with wars; wars are times of intense nationalism because there is a common enemy and a need to protect ones own. As a result nationalism in such situations is usually seen as negative. However it can be a positive thing when used in moderation – patriotism is a form of nationalism and has a very positive impact on a country often uniting its citizens for a particular goal or event. Nationalism can have both a positive and negative impact at the same time; for instance pan-nationalism, such as within the Arabic nations, brings people together because of common beliefs or characteristics, despite the fact they do not belong to the same country. The Arabic nations are bound together by language, culture, religion and historical heritage. We will write a custom essay sample on Nationalism Can Never Be A Force For Good. Discuss. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Arab nationalists are also connected by their desire to rid western influence from the Arab world. This type of nationalism is clearly positive on a local level because it encourages the communion of different countries. Although if used in the wrong way, perhaps by a dictator, it could be a dangerous threat to enemy countries due to the sheer size of the population involved (which was estimated at a total 300 million in 2002 for the Arabic nations ). This was something which Israel feared during the 1950s and was the reason they joined France and Britain in the Suez Canal war. There are also types of pan-nationalism which help the economy and encourage good relations between close countries with different cultures, languages, traditions, etc. the UN and EU are examples of these. Pan-nationalism then is a force for good unless there is a common enemy which could lead to a large scale war. Another similar form of nationalism is Religious Nationalism which also incorporates people from various different countries since they are united by their faith and their belief in a particular god(s) and not by geographical boundaries. For this reason Religious Nationalism is a good thing because it unites people from all across the world; however some religious beliefs can oppose other religions and so if there are multiple faiths within one country it can cause disputes and riots. The French wars of religions which were fought because of religious conflicts between the Roman Catholic and Protestant sectors are examples of this. Again, this proves that nationalism can be a force for good, but when it concerns multiple opposing ideas can lead to heavy conflict. Nationalism can be taken to extremes by leaders who have particular goals in mind as it can be an effective tool in persuading their people. Hitler was one such individual. His ideas for progress and making Germany a great country required the whole population’s backing. In order to do this he invoked strong feelings of nationalism using propaganda. When abused in this way nationalism can be very dangerous because people want to fight to protect the rights and freedoms of their country against those ‘threatening’ them so it is a very effective tool for â€Å"rallying the troops†. However, when moderate, nationalism; or patriotism as it may be called, can have an extremely positive impact. The Queen’s coronation in 1953 was undoubtedly a patriotic and joyful event with parties in the streets common up and down England. During times like this nationalism is a pure force for good. It is the celebration of belonging to a country or nation and being proud of it and its achievements. Overall, nationalism can be a force for good when applied in moderation. Nationalism is what keeps the world functioning as it does today without it individualism would make everyone selfish. Although when used to extremes it can be dangerous, this does not mean that nationalism is always a bad thing. Nationalism makes people feel like they belong and this creates bonds and connections between people who may never have met before because of their language, culture, religion etc. and that can only be a good thing.